When most people talk about dentistry, they focus on the teeth—cavities, fillings, cleanings, chips, dentures, cosmetic procedures . . . However, dentists also diagnose, prevent, and treat conditions found throughout the mouth, including the tongue, the palate, and (perhaps most importantly) the gums. Gingiva (i.e., gums) is the soft tissue that lies over the jawbones and palate, surrounding the teeth. Without proper care, gums can develop gingivitis. This condition is often mentioned ominously on toothpaste and mouthwash commercials, but many people are unfamiliar with the term. So, what is gingivitis?
What Is Gingivitis?
The human mouth is teeming with bacteria, strange and uncomfortable as that is to think about. This bacteria combines with mucus and food debris to form plaque, which we brush and floss away to prevent the formation of tartar (hardened plaque that can’t be brushed away). Plaque and tartar can harm the gums, causing an inflammation known as gingivitis. A mild form of gum disease, gingivitis can be prevented and even reversed with basic oral care, including brushing, flossing, and regular check-ups.
CAUSES & RISK FACTORS
Although most gingivitis is caused by a lack of brushing and flossing (or improper technique), there are other risk factors as well. If you have any of the following risk factors, keep a close eye on your gums and don’t neglect your oral hygiene:
- Poor dental hygiene
- Pregnancy
- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Misaligned teeth
- Certain infections and systemic diseases
- Certain medications
- Poorly fitting dental appliances
- Smoking or chewing tobacco
SYMPTOMS
The inflammation of the gums during gingivitis can range from mild to severe. You can identify the condition (and your dentist will diagnose the condition) based on the following symptoms:
- Bright red or reddish purple gums
- Tender gums
- Swollen gums
- Bleeding gums
- Bad breath
- Mouth sores
- Receding gums
- Gums pulling away from the teeth
- Plaque and/or tartar at the base of the teeth
TREATMENT
Diagnosing gingivitis is quick and easy; your dentist will simply examine your mouth, keeping an eye out for the symptoms listed above. They may also probe your gums. To treat the inflammation, your dentist or hygienist will clean your teeth and loosen or remove deposits. In addition, they will teach you how to properly care for your teeth. With effective brushing and flossing, you should be able to reverse the problem in just a few weeks time. However, in some cases, your dentist may recommend other remedies, such as mending misaligned teeth, using antibacterial mouth rinses, taking oral antibiotics, or replacing dental/orthodontic appliances.
PREVENTION
If left untreated, gingivitis can lead to periodontitis (gum disease), a more serious and dangerous infection. Luckily, it is very easy to prevent the formation of gingivitis. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and floss at least once a day. And of course, in addition to regular brushing and flossing, remember to schedule check-ups with your dentist twice each year. Professional cleanings are crucial, because they include the removal of hardened plaque and tartar.
Looking for a new dentist? Contact Wilkinson Dental if you live in or near Springfield, Missouri. You can request an appointment online or give us a call at 417-882-8222. We look forward to hearing from you!